Monday, November 30, 2015

Big news : IMF将人民币纳入储备货币篮子

IMF将人民币纳入储备货币篮子


http://cn.wsj.com/gb/20151201/fin074407.asp

http://cn.wsj.com/gb/20151201/fin085316.asp


际货币基金组织(The International Monetary, 简称IMF)周一将人民币纳入其​由​精英​货币构成的​储备货币篮子,​这是中国崛起为全球经济强国过程中的一个里程碑。

许多中国观察家表示,IMF的决定有很大程度是基于政治考量,目的在于鼓励这个全球第二大经济体进行更大力度的经济改革。

虽然IMF的决定要到明年晚些时候才会生效,但可能有助于加快国际对人民币需求的增长速度。在中国政府开始放宽严格管控的汇率及金融系统之际,IMF的决定将授予人民币一定程度的国际合法性。

对中国人来说,人民币”入篮“不仅关乎声誉,也是中国在挑战美国全球政治经济主导地位之际提升中国全球经济地位的战略内容之一。人民币将加入目前由美元、欧元、英镑和日圆组成的IMF储备货币篮子。

不过,其他一系列因素将决定人民币作为实质全球储备货币的命运。

对于各国金融当局和市场来说,IMF此时的决定象征性价值要大于实质重要性。

中国建立市场化的汇率机制、深化金融系统改革、强化国内经济机构并取得更稳健的长期经济增长的速度,将是各国央行和投资者是否有足够信心增持人民币作为储备货币的主要决定因素。

换言之,中国政府必须不辜负IMF的决定。

过去一年,中国政府已推出一系列的政策来满足IMF将人民币纳入所谓的特别提款权(SDR)货币篮子的标准,这些举措包括利率市场化和放宽外资准入规定。

IMF的职员表示,人民币轻易满足了第一条标准:即货币发行国必须是一个大型出口国。不过,IMF的经济学家们于今年8月份曾质疑人民币是否满足“可以自由兑换”的第二个标准。

中国政府随后出台了几项更大的金融业整顿方案,包括为使人民币汇率进一步市场化而引导人民币贬值。连同IMF可被广泛解读的模糊定义,中国政府最新的努力已足够说服IMF将人民币纳入货币篮子。

本月早些时候,IMF总裁拉加德(Christine Lagarde)支持将人民币纳入货币篮子,她表示IMF职员的一份报告显示人民币目前已经满足了IMF的标准。

彼得森国际经济研究所(Peterson Institute for International Economics)资深研究员兼前美国财政部高级官员Ted Truman说,这些努力是一个进步,但仍未能建立一个充分的记录。

这也正是为什么许多经济学家和中国观察家称IMF的决定有很大成分是基于政治考量,是为了鼓励中国政府为其在全球经济中扮演更重要角色承担起更大责任。

尽管美国官员私底下仍质疑人民币取得储备货币地位的时机是否已经成熟,但他们也认为此举对中国央行内部的改革派推动国内经济改革的努力有帮助。

部分IMF观察家还表示,国际社会支持人民币加入储备货币篮子一定程度上也是一种政治补偿,因为IMF一直未能改革治理结构,授予中国和其他新兴市场国家与其全球经济影响力上升相匹配的更多的投票权。

对于中国和其他发展中国家而言,美国议员一再拒绝批准对IMF的治理结构进行改革成为他们的一个痛点,这些国家表示,被剥夺在IMF的投票权正促使他们创立自己的国际经济机构。

赋予人民币储备货币地位在一定程度上是为了鼓励中国政府承担更大的国际政治和经济责任。

如果人民币这次未能赢得IMF的储备货币地位,也将令中国领导人感到尴尬,因中国明年将成为二十国集团(G20)的轮值主席国。一些经济学家们表示,人民币这次若未能被纳入IMF储备货币篮子,则中国国内那些寻求开放经济的人士将面临更大阻力。

即便IMF决定将人民币纳入储备货币篮子,也不确定中国政府会否收回经济自由化改革的承诺。随着中国经济进一步放缓,中国政府最近决定放慢金融市场开放的步伐,因他们担心开放金融市场可能会加剧资本外流。

不过,渣打集团(Standard Chartered)估计,人民币的新地位可能在未来五年导致每年有1%的储备货币转换为人民币计价资产,总规模约为1万亿美元。这大致相当于央行储备货币的9%,与份额达65%的美元相比,这只是很少的一部分。

Wednesday, November 18, 2015

VGO MGO



VGO - voluntary general offer  ​自願全面獻購​
 


MGO  (mandotary general offer) - 33%  
強制性全面獻購條例

 

50% +1 share level (
无条件收购)



Compulsory acquisition
​ (
90%強制性全購門檻
​)​

Thursday, November 12, 2015

Learning Lesson - Conditional Takeover Offer (CTO)

Learning Lesson - Conditional Takeover Offer (CTO)


StemLife Bhd ( Valuation: 0.00, Fundamental: 1.95) has received a conditional takeover offer from its largest shareholder Cordlife Group Ltd ( Valuation: 1.50, Fundamental: 1.70) for 45 sen cash per share for the remainder stake the latter does not own; the offer is 2.5 sen or 5.88% higher than StemLife's closing price of 42.5 sen on the open market today.
StemLife's board announced via Bursa today that it will hold a board meeting to deliberate on the offer and make an announcement in due course.
In the attached offer document, adviser Maybank Investment Bank Bhd (Maybank IB) said the takeover offer is conditional upon the Singapore-listed cord blood bank getting more than 50% of voting shares or voting rights of StemLife in 21 days after the posting of the offer document today.
If Cordlife secures a 75% stake or more in StemLife, it does not intend to maintain StemLife's listing status and "does not intend to address any shortfall to meet the public spread requirement".
Cordlife triggered the mandatory general offer today after increasing its shareholding in StemLife to 33.03% today from 31.81% previously, in an off-market deal for 45 sen per share or RM1.35 million in total, said Maybank IB.








Wednesday, November 11, 2015

Foreign and Local futures market:


Famous and active foreign futures markets:

(contra spec and margin requirement etc info are inside the links)


1. Mini Dow (USA futures) : http://i168-investment.blogspot.my/2015/11/futures-mini-dow_11.html



2. Simsci (Singapore futures)  : http://i168-investment.blogspot.my/2015/11/futures-sgx-simsci.html



3. A50 (China futures) : http://i168-investment.blogspot.my/2015/11/futures-china-a50-sgx.html



4. Mini HSI: http://i168-investment.blogspot.my/2016/01/mini-hang-seng-index.html


5. Oil: http://i168-investment.blogspot.my/2016/01/foriegn-futures-oils.html


6. Gold and E-Micro Gold: http://i168-investment.blogspot.com/2018/10/gold-and-micro-gold_4.html



7. German Dax = http://i168-investment.blogspot.com/2016/07/futures-dax-futures.html

8. FKLI FCPO  = https://i168-investment.blogspot.com/2018/07/learning-futures.html






Futures : China A50 (SGX exchange)

Futures : China A50 ( SGX exchange )

Inside GTS AYERS =>    SGX     >> CHINA A50

Contract spec as below .  Please Refer to SGX website.

Quick View:  Min price fluctuation: 2.5 index point = S$2.50

Margin Requirement: USD800 / about Rm3300 -> Rm3400 ( USDMYR forex RM4.15 round up. )

Margin Req may vary time to time. Subject to Exchange adjustment to lower or higher.

Brokerage: usd5 per lot per side (online self key-in Via GTS AYERS )

Reference Link: 
http://www.sgx.com/wps/wcm/connect/0cf80094-4b24-4a4d-ad3b-3d2adc9fd78d/SGX%2BChina%2BA50%2BFactsheet_Eng_Apr%2B2013_FA_WOcropmark.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CONVERT_TO=url&CACHEID=0cf80094-4b24-4a4d-ad3b-3d2adc9fd78d



ANNOUNCEMENT= 
THIS PAGE MERELY FOR QUICK REFERENCE ONLY.
INFO MAY CHANGE FROM TIME TO TIME.
THIS PAGES INFO IS NOT FINAL , AS IT SUBJECTED TO CHANGES FROM TIME
TO TIME


LAST Updated = 4/10/2018


Futures: SGX Simsci

Ticker Symbol: SGP

Min price fluctuation: 0.05 index point = S$5

Margin Requirement: SGD1540 / about Rm4800 (subject to forex exchange rate)

Brokerage: SGD 12 per lot per side   (self online key in)

Chart:  http://www.investing.com/indices/singapore-msci-futures

Reference link: http://www.sgx.com/wps/portal/sgxweb/home/products/derivatives/equity/sgx_simsci/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gjR0cTDwNnA0t_AzMjA09Dz-CQADcvQ08Lc6B8JE55o2BDknS7uxu6GXiGhoS5OIZ5Gbt6mRHQ7aUflZ6TnwR0pZ9Hfm6qfkFuaESlo6IiAJdzKbw!/dl3/d3/L0lDU0lKSWdra0EhIS9JTlJBQUlpQ2dBek15cUEhL1lCSlAxTkMxTktfMjd3ISEvN18yQUE0SDBDMDk4Mkc3MEkxNlFDMVRDM09FMA!!/?WCM_PORTLET=PC_Z7_2AA4H0C0982G70I16QC1TC3OE0017268_WCM&WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/sgx_en/home/products/derivatives/equity/sgx_simsci/specifications




Sample:







Futures: Mini Dow

Mini Dow

Product Code: CME GLOBEX : YM


Min price fluctuation:   1.00  index points=$5.00

Margin requirement: USD 4290   (subject to changes from time to time)


Brokerage: USD12 per lot per side (self online key in)

(ask me for detail on the brokerage)

Reference link: http://www.cmegroup.com/trading/equity-index/us-index/e-mini-dow_contract_specifications.html





Tuesday, November 10, 2015

Warrant - calculating the value and formula

Calculate warant premium. 

Premium = ((Current Warrant price + Exercise price)/ mother share price - 1)*100%

e.g 1 - Hevea-WB
Closing price on 28/8/2015.
Hevea-WB = 0.695, Mother share (Hevea) = 0.94
Exercise price = 0.25, Expiration date = 1/3/2020

Premium = ((0.695+0.25)/0.94-1)*100% = 0.53%

Expiration date is > 1 year, premium = 10% is acceptable according to current KLSE quotation (practical approach).
Hence buying Hevea-WB at 0.695 is considered to be a good buy (0.53% premium). 
Hevea-WB should be 0.78 if it is trading at 10% premium. Any price < 0.78 is considered as a good buy.

e.g 2 - FBMKLCI-C4
Closing price on 28/8/2015.
FBMKLCI-C4 = 0.12, Mother share (FBMKLCI) = 1,613, Conversion ratio = 667:1
Exercise price = 1,700, Expiration date = 30/9/2016

We need to convert the price of warrant (FBMKLCI-C4) at 0.12 to Index point.
1.00 = 667 point ( conversion ratio)
The price of FBMKLCI-C4 is at 0.12, 
Hence FBMKLCI-C4 = 0.12*667 = 80 index point

Premium = ((80 + 1,700)/1,613-1)*100% = 10.4%

Expiration date is = 13 months, premium at 10.4% is acceptable according to current KLSE quotation (practical approach).
Hence buying FBMKLCI-C4 at 0.12 is considered to be acceptable (10.4% premium). 
Premium/month = 10.4%/13 = 0.8%.

Note
  • If expiration date is < 1 year, premium paid should be < 10%. Please take note.
  • I do not like to buy warrant if expiry date is < 3 months. It is my rule.
I hope all clients can make full use of this example to improve your knowledge and skill. You must practise a few times in order to be good.

Thank you.